Equalizing charge is overcharging a flooded lead acid battery to counter sulfation and stratification. Sulfation is the process of accumulation of sulfate crystals at the lead plates when the battery is constantly undercharged. This has been discussed in detail in a previous post (Battery Sulfation).
Now, specific gravity measurements can be taken for flooded lead acid batteries only. So equalizing charge is ideally suited for such batteries only. However, for VRLA and other sealed batteries you can accept the manufacturer’s recommendation and apply equalization charge accordingly.
The stepwise procedure for an equalizing charge is as follows: i. Charge the battery by using constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) till a voltage of 2.4 VPC. ii. In order to ensure each cell is equalized to full charge, i.e., 100 %SOC, a voltage setting of 2.7 VPC is needed for flooded lead-acid battery cells.
Regular equalization helps prevent sulfation, a process where lead sulfate crystals build up on the battery plates. This buildup reduces capacity and can shorten the battery’s lifespan. By performing an equalization charge, users can maintain optimal performance in their batteries.
The Mysteries of Battery Equalization The problems of battery equalization (overcharging) are not understanding what is being done when we equalize batteries. All cells will stray in voltage, and this is the case no matter what type of lead acid battery you own, be it Wet Cell, AGM or Gel.
The amount of equalize time depends on the type of lead acid batteries you own. Normally it’s two-hours for wet cell types and one-hour for VRLA (sealed) types.
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